Thursday, March 31, 2011

Software : Exclusive: Mozilla talks Firefox 4 for Android design principles

Software : Exclusive: Mozilla talks Firefox 4 for Android design principles


Exclusive: Mozilla talks Firefox 4 for Android design principles

Posted: 31 Mar 2011 06:21 AM PDT

It might look like just a little computer, but putting a good web browser onto a smartphone is about more than just dealing with a smaller screen.

Madhava Enros, Firefox Mobile UI lead at Mozilla, explained the design principles behind the new Firefox 4 for Android to TechRadar at the Web 2.0 conference - and why there's so little of the user interface.

There are some basic principles that are more important than 'make it small'. "These devices are small and portable," Enros points out, "but it's easy to forget that people using these devices are themselves mobile.

"Aside from having to leave room for a finger on the touch screen, people's motor accuracy isn't at its best because they're moving around. People are often navigating in the real world which doesn't leave them with a lot of resources for making their way through a complex hierarchy, so sadly a deep hierarchy not a solution to the small screen problem."

Firefox 4 for android

QUICK START: Shortcuts to get you started browsing faster on the start screen

He doesn't expect people to be glued to their phones. "The user is distractible; no matter how engaging your app or web site, people will have to look up when they have to catch their train or open their umbrella or pay attention to their meeting again.

"If you want to communicate something it can't just appear and disappear because there's no guarantee somebody is looking at the screen. People will routinely have to put what they're looking at aside for an indeterminate period of time and that should never cause a catastrophe."

Mobile Firefox is very much Firefox; tap the gear icon at the bottom and you get familiar desktop add-ons; tell the browser you don't want to be tracked and it sends the new Do Not Track header. "It's basically the same stack," Enros told TechRadar; "it's got a different user interface."

Trimming down

"On a small screen you have to be really ruthless about trimming down the user interface or better yet starting from scratch; you can't have a lot on the screen so you have to really be focused on what the core purpose of your app is.

"We wanted to maximise screen space dedicated to content; there is no single control in a browser people spend as much time on as they do on content. If you start including anything you're in competition with what people made a point of entering a URL to go and look at."

So while Mobile Firefox has a title at the top of the page, that scrolls out of the way as you move down the page. "You don't have to explicitly go into full screen mode; just by using content the browser goes away."

In fact the browser is barely there to start with because all the controls are off to the side, taking advantage of the fact that most web pages are longer than they are wide - so to get controls like tabs and the forward or back buttons, you drag your finger off to the side. "All you see is content; there are no overlays, there are no toolbars. When you're using the touchscreen you have a very physical, space-like user interface. People are using their sense of space; they know where things are!"

Firefox controls

TO THE RIGHT: Pan right for navigation…

Firefox 4 for android

TO THE LEFT: …pan left for tabs

Scrolling and panning is easy; typing isn't. "It's very difficult to type on mobile devices," says Enros sweepingly; "you have a whole spectrum at the moment from BlackBerry to virtual keyboard that runs the gamut from OK to terrible.

Different to desktop

"We wanted to see what we could do around using what we know so far about how mobile browsing differs from desktop. It's much more transactional. It's not the immersive, many hours long activity; I'm in a bar, I want the trivia answer or when is my bus coming… It's quick in and out and back to my life."

Auto-suggest helps a lot, he says. "Before you even start typing, Firefox is suggesting things using 'frecency'. That's a combination of frequency and recency. It's a bit like a quick dial feature, this list becomes a list of the things you do all the time."

Start typing a search and Mobile Firefox suggests multiple search engines (although given Mozilla's financial deal with Google the alternatives are sites like Amazon and Wikipedia rather than Bing).

But what could really make a difference is securely syncing the data that comes from the Awesome bar in desktop Firefox. "You rarely have to type a full URL," claims Enros; you can see suggestions from both your PC and mobile browsing history, or just what tabs you've had open on your desktop.

Firefox 4 for android

IN SYNC: Set up Mobile Firefox to learn from your desktop

"I've spent years teaching Firefox on the desktop what I do all the time so I don't have to do a lot of typing. By syncing I don't have to teach my mobile browser again; it knows me. You don't have to have known at the time that you might find it interesting later - it just all syncs."

The future of Firefox Mobile

Enros suggested some directions Firefox might take in the future. Managing your identity and signing you into multiple sites automatically would be a logical progression. "It's a bit of a branching out for us as a software company into the crazy world of services. That is definitely interesting area for us."

Should that even be in the browser? "In many ways a web browser is two big buckets of stuff. One is it renders the web. That's important but there are several good browsing engines out there - and it is important there be multiple engines… The other is 'how do we be this sense-making layer between you and the huge incomprehensible thing that is the internet?' That half would be great to get at from wherever you are."

Firefox addons

ADD-ONS: Mobile Firefox has the same add-ons you know from desktop Firefox

What Mozilla learns from mobile will influence Firefox on other devices too. "Mobile is starting to get broader. Tablets are kind of mobile - but they're also not small. Some of the things you do on a tablet start to be appropriate for a laptop or maybe we want these things on our TVs… The only thing that doesn't apply is the small screen part. The important thing is the user being mobile not the device, all of these things still apply."

More social

And because the user is mobile, social tools and context are more important - not because of the phone or the tablet, but because of where and how we use them.

"People ask 'what is so magical about mobile devices that makes people somehow more social than on the desktop?' I think this is looking at it from the wrong perspective. It's not mobile that is special and odd somehow, it's the very abstract and odd situation of a person sitting in front of a machine at a desk that is the special case.

"You can extract people from that environment and suddenly they're in their regular lives where we are social beings, we act more like human beings who are not supposed to be focused on a very particular task. You can more or less take it as a given there will frequently be more than one people involved."

The same is true for context, he says: "Mobile devices don't somehow make your apps more subject to context. Context is by definition always around us but context varies a lot more because you are in your regular life not in this very artificial setup of at a table in front of a computer.

"You can know what the time is or what's in their calendar, how fast are they moving, how bright it is… these are all things we can start to glean from rich devices that will help us design for their context."

Wednesday, March 30, 2011

Apple : Updated: 50 really useful iPad tips and tricks

Apple : Updated: 50 really useful iPad tips and tricks


Updated: 50 really useful iPad tips and tricks

Posted: 30 Mar 2011 06:37 AM PDT

With great new features like two video cameras, a faster processor and a thinner design, the iPad 2 is the world's best tablet device.

It's also fully capable of running the latest version of Apple's iOS operating system and great apps like iMovie and GarageBand.

Here we present 50 really useful iPad 2 tips. We cover everything from customising your Home screen through to getting more from built-in apps like Mail and Safari.

The vast majority of these tips will also work on the original iPad, so owners of the first generation device shouldn't feel neglected.

1. Create folders

iOS now supports folders. To create a folder all you need to do is tap and hold on an app until they all start to jiggle, then drag the app over another icon and release. Your iPad will create a folder with both the apps in. The folder will be named according to the category of the apps it contains, but you can rename it as you like.

iPad 2 folders

2. Access all running apps

Double-clicking the Home button shows you all the apps that are running on your iPad in a bar along the bottom of the screen. To switch to a running app just tap on it here in this bar. Just swipe the screen downwards to remove this bar.

iPad 2 running apps

3. Orientation Lock or Mute?

The internet got mightily upset when Orientation Lock was replaced with Mute on the iPad during the last iOS update. Apple listened, and now you can head to Settings > General to choose between Lock Rotation and Mute.

iPad 2 orientation

4. Passcode Denied… DELETE ALL!

If you're carrying around sensitive data, you can now enable a feature that'll erase all the data on the device if someone inputs the incorrect passcode 10 times. Navigate to Settings > General > Passcode Lock > Erase Data.

iPad 2 passcode

5. Home Sharing

First, turn on Home Sharing in iTunes (Advanced menu) and on your iPad (Settings > iPod and enter your Apple ID). Next, launch the iPod app on your iPad. In the left column, find the little house with "Library" next to it. Tap on that and then on one of the Shared Libraries. It might take a few minutes to update, but then you can watch and listen to all of that Library's media on your iPad.

iPad 2 home sharing

6. Control iPad notifications

Have you ever played Tap Tap Revenge on the iPhone? Good, then you know how annoying notifications can be. These messages pop up on the iPad as well. but you can control them. Go to Settings, Notifications, and configure which alerts (and accompanying sounds) will appear.

iPad 2 notifications

7. Go VPN

The iPad supports a VPN connection. To configure it, go to Settings, then General > Network. Select the VPN and move the slider to On, then add a VPN configuration with your server and account details.

iPad 2 vpn

8. Stop asking to join Wi-Fi networks

If you're fed up of getting bugged by messages asking if you'd like to join this or that Wi- Fi network all the time then head to Settings, Wi-Fi and turn off Ask to Join Networks. You can still join any network that will have you from this same screen, it just won't bug you constantly when the opportunity arises.

iPad 2 wifi

9. Turn battery percentage off

Do you find the battery charge percentage distracting? The good news is you can turn it off very easily. Go to Settings, General, Usage and you can turn it off here.

iPad 2 battery percentage

10. Quick volume mute

When the iPad first launched, there was no dedicated mute button anywhere on the device. However, with iOS 4.3 Apple has given you the choice of using the lock switch to mute the sound or lock the iPad's orientation. Either way, a good tip for quickly muting your iPad is to press and hold the Volume-down button.

iPad 2 volume mute

11. Use an Apple keyboard

Missing a real keyboard? Any Apple Wireless Keyboard will work with the iPad. In fact, your iPad will work with any Bluetooth keyboard. Some iPad cases have a keyboard built in, which can be handy.

12. Connect to an HD TV

You can connect the iPad 2 to your HD television using Apple's new Digital AV Adapter (which connects from your 30-pin Dock adaptor to a HDMI port) or a plain old Apple VGA Adaptor. Both are available from the Apple Store. The iPad 2 supports video mirroring, so your entire Home screen will appear on the TV, not just the videos you play.

Connect ipad 2 to hdtv

13. AirPlay: Stream movies, photos and music

Whenever you see the AirPlay icon on your iPad it means you can stream whatever media you're viewing to your Apple TV, which is usually connected to your living room TV. All you need to do is tap the AirPlay icon (which looks like a rectangle with a triangle in it) and it starts playing automatically - it's so simple!

Stream ipad 2

14. Take an iPad screenshot

You can take a screenshot on your iPad by pressing Home and then the Sleep/Wake button. The screen will flash and you'll hear a click, indicating that a photo has been taken. Your screen shots are saved automatically in your Photos gallery. Here, you can view or email them as you see fit.

15. Avoid underpowered USB docks

The iPad does not charge when you connect it to some USB docks or even certain ports on some notebooks. Instead, plug in to a high power USB port (check you computer's specs, or use a powered USB dock). On some PCs, USB ports on the front of the computer are lower power, so you will need to plug into one on the back.

16. Use Multitasking Gestures

Multitasking Gestures, which utilise four and five finger gestures, are available in Settings only to iPad owners who have installed Xcode on a Mac. You need to buy Xcode from the Mac App Store ($5/£2.99) and install it, then from the Xcode homescreen, select your iPad and click on the Use for Development button. You'll be asked for your developer account details, but if you click on Cancel at this stage it still works.

iPad 2 multitasking gestures

17. Restrict your Spotlight searches

Swipe left on the Home screen to reveal the Spotlight search. By default it searches everything including songs in your iPod, podcasts, apps and events. To restrict the areas it searches, since you may not want all these categories included, look in Settings > General > Spotlight Search.

iPAd 2 spotlight searches

18. Add a Google Calendar

Want to add your Google Calendar to the iPad's Calendar app? No problem. In Settings open Mail, Contacts, Calendars. Add an account and tap on Other. Tap on Add CalDAV Account and enter your Google Account credentials (the Server is www.google.com). Exit the Settings app and tap on the Calendar app and all your events should appear. By default all calendars are displayed, but you can tap on the Calendars button to choose which ones are shown.

iPad 2 google calendar

19. Find My iPhone (or iPad) is now free

Apple's Find My iPad works for MobileMe subscribers, but you can set it up for free on your iPad. In Settings > Mail, Contacts, Calendars tap the Add Account button and select MobileMe.

If you have an iTunes or MobileMe account then enter it here. Alternatively, tap on Create Free Apple ID. You may need to check your inbox and verify your account now. Return to the MobileMe screen and switch on Find My iPad. Now sign into me.com to see your iPad on a map, or install the Find My iPhone app from the App Store.

Find my iphone

20. Use AirPrint

Thanks to AirPrint you can print right from your iPad, provided you've got a compatible printer, of course. If you've got an AirPrint ready printer then you just choose Print from the Share menu for virtually any open document. AirPrint works with the new range of printers from HP, and you can use a Mac app called Printopia (www.ecamm.com) to print to any printer connected to a Mac.

AirPrint

21. Use a Smart Cover

Apple's new iPad Smart Cover (from £35/$39) is a must have iPad accessory - it's not just a dumb cover. When you draw it over the iPad's screen it puts it to sleep for you, and wakes it up when you open it. Also, it latches onto special magnets built into the side of the iPad 2, so it's a perfect fit.

Smart cover

22. Share from Pages

Transferring Pages documents from your iPad by syncing with iTunes on your Mac or PC is a real hassle. It's much quicker to use the Share menu to email the finished document to wherever you need it to be. Also, you can email it as a Word or PDF document if you like.

Share from pages

23. Turn iPad caps lock on

To type a capital letter on the onscreen keyboard you first tap the left or right shift key, then the letter. If you need to type a whole word in caps this can be painful. Save time typing in caps by turning the caps lock on. To do this double tap on either shift key.

iPad caps lock

24. Copy and paste

You can quickly copy and paste text by tapping and holding down, and then choosing Select to select the exact portion of text you'd like the copy. Next tap Copy, then go to a different app, and tap and hold down again, then tap Paste from the menu that appears. Top tip: To select an entire paragraph of text you need to tap four times.

iPad 2 copy paste

25. Replace a word

When you hold down on a word to copy it, choose Select, then you will see a new option: Replace. Tap this and, you can see suggestions for alternative words that have similar spellings. It's a good way of quickly correcting typos.

iPad 2 replace word

26. Hidden apostrophe key on the keyboard

This is a great tip for any app, such as Notes, Pages or Mail, that you type into using the iPad's virtual keyboard. Rather than having to go to the second screen of the keyboard every time you want to type an apostrophe (which is a real pain) just tap and hold on the ! key and a hidden apostrophe option will appear - then just slide your finger up to access it.

iPad apostrophe

27. Quick quotes

You don't have to move the iPad's second keyboard screen to enter a quotation mark either. Simply tap and hold over the ? key and a quotation symbol appears, which you can select by moving your finger upwards.

iPad quote marks

28. Add a full stop

Another great keyboard tip for typing in apps such as Pages, Notes or Mail is to doubletap the space bar at the end of a sentence. This adds a full stop and a space for you, which can be enormously time-saving when you're writing long articles.

iPad full stop

29. Dim your iBooks

You can lower the brightness setting down to a low level using the Brightness option under Settings. But the iBooks app has its own brightness slider, which you can use to lower the level down more conveniently.

iBooks brightness

30. Change days

There's no way to swipe to change between days in the Calendar app, but don't forget the navigation bar along the bottom of the screen - this can be used to switch to different days (or weeks/months, depending on the view you've chosen). The current day is always shown in blue, or you can just tap the Today button to return to the current day.

iPad calendar

31. Street View in Maps

The Maps app running Google's Street View is one of the coolest features of the iPad, yet accessing it is so confusing few people even know it's there. To access Street View you need to have dropped a red pin on the map (which happens when you do a search). You then tap the red and white icon of a person to enter Street View.

iPad street view

32. Directions in Maps

There's no free sat nav for the iPad, but directions in Maps are a substitute if you're walking, driving or taking the bus. Just tap Directions on the top left of Maps and the iPad even works out where you are right now, then takes you step-by-step through each stage of your journey.

iPad maps

33. Display PDFs

There are two ways to display PDFs on your iPad: you can either email them to your iPad, in which case you get an Open in iBooks button appear, or you can sync PDFs from your Mac or PC via the Books tab in iTunes.

To do this just drag and drop the PDF into iTunes, then when you sync your iPad click on the Books tab and select the PDFs you'd like to sync. In iBooks you click on PDFs in your library to see the PDFs you have ready to display.

iBooks pdf

34. Camera focus and meter

In the Camera app, tap on your subject to both focus on and meter the light properly. In this shot, notice how the chair is dark and the boy outside is properly metered. You can reverse that by simply tapping on the chair.

iPad camera focus

35. Get a grip

You'll probably hold the iPad by its sides, but it'll rotate to put the shutter button at the bottom, making you wobble when you reach for it. So use the orientation lock to put the shutter where you can easily thumb it, then just rotate your images or videos afterward in an image editor.

iPad rotate

36. Take charge in FaceTime

Once you've started a video call, you can move the picture-in-picture window that shows you by simply dragging it around with your finger.

iPad 2 facetime

37. Photo Booth fun

Sure, you're great, but Photo Booth is even more fun if you point it at friends or family. Simply tap the 'twirly camera' icon in the bottom right. to use the camera on the back You can also snap stills by hitting the shutter button, but Photo Booth doesn't do video.

Photo booth

38. Download photos straight from your camera to your iPad

You can't plug an SD card from a digital camera straight into your iPad to view the photos, but you can purchase the iPad Camera Connection kit from Apple. With this device attached you can transfer photos straight from your camera's memory card. Get it from the Apple Store online.

39. Quicker websites

Save time typing web addresses in Safari by using the iPad's ".com" key when typing in a URL. A little-known timesaver is that if you hold down the .com key you get access to a menu that offers a .co.uk and other options too.

iPad com key

40. Quick Safari scroll

You can jump up to the top of any web site - indeed any list - by tapping on the top of the title window. It's much faster than scrolling by hand.

iPad quick scroll

41. Zoom in on websites

You can zoom in on any website by pinching out with two fingers on the screen. This also makes it easier to select words and tap links. To zoom out again, just pinch in with two fingers. Double-tap on any text or image to auto-zoom so it fills the screen.

iPad zoom in website

42. Turn on Bookmarks bar in Safari

We all know you can tap the bookmarks icon in the Safari toolbar to access your bookmarks, but you can significantly cut down the number of taps it takes to get to them by turning on your Safari Bookmarks Bar permanently. In the Settings app, tap Safari, then turn Always Show Bookmarks Bar to ON.

iPad safari bookmarks

43. Clear browsing history in Safari

Need to cover your tracks online? You can delete your Safari browser history in a flash. Just open the Settings app, then tap Safari and tap on Clear History. Note you can also wipe your Cookies and clear your Cache here too.

iPad clear browsing history

44. Open Safari links in a new page

You can open links in a new Safari window, rather than always opening them in the current one. Just tap and hold on the link and a pop-over menu appears giving you the option to open the link in a new page.

iPad open links in new page

45. Find text on a page

You can search for a particular word on an open page in Safari. Type your word into the Google search box. You'll see a list of suggestions appear, and near the bottom you'll see "On This Page", showing how many times that word appears on the page. Tap the Find option to go to the first instance of the word.

Find text on a page

46. Turn off iPad email alert chimes

You can turn off the chime for new emails. Go to Settings, then General, then Sounds and turn off the New Mail sound. You can also adjust sound levels here.

iPad email alert

47. Preview more of your emails

The iPad's Mail app defaults to previewing two lines of each email before you tap on it. Sometimes however it would be handier to be able to see more of an email before loading the whole thing in, especially if you are on a slow connection. To do this open the Settings app, then tap on Mail, Contacts, Calendars and change the Preview options to add more lines.

iPad mail preview

48. Turn off iPad push mail

Most mail accounts default to Push as a delivery mechanism, if available. This automatically 'pushes' any new emails your way as soon as they are available. If you find this annoying or distracting you can set your Mail accounts to check for new messages at intervals, or manually so they only check for new messages when you tap the Refresh button. To turn off Push, select the Settings app and Mail, Contacts, Calendars and choose Fetch New Data, then turn Push on or off.

Turn off push mail

49. Make an iPad backup

If you want to make sure your iPad's data is properly backed up then you can force iTunes to back it up. When you're conencted to your Mac or PC, open up iTunes and right-click on your iPad in the Devices list and select Back up.

iPad backup

50. iPad is flat and won't charge

If your iPad battery is completely flat then it can take a while for the red battery symbol to appear when you plug it in to charge, indicating that it is charging. Don't panic, just leave it plugged in and wait - the charging symbol will appear eventually.

iPad won't charge